在 Node.js 的 mongodb 驱动程序模块中定义的 find() 和 findOne() 方法返回满足查询参数的所有文档或指定集合中的第一个文档。您可以使用逻辑运算符在查询对象中构造过滤器,如下所示 -
MongoDB 运算符
MongoDB不使用传统的逻辑运算符符号。取而代之的是,它有自己的运算符,如下所示 -
运算符 | 描述 |
---|---|
$eq |
等于 (==) |
$gt |
大于 (>) |
$gte |
大于 (>) |
$in |
如果等于数组中的任何值 |
$lt |
小于 (<) |
$lte |
小于或等于 (<=) |
$ne |
不等于 (!=) |
$nin |
如果不等于数组中的任何值 |
运算符在 find() 方法中用于应用过滤器。以下语句返回价格为>10000 的产品
例
const {MongoClient} = require('mongodb');
async function main(){
const uri = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";
const client = new MongoClient(uri);
try {
// Connect to the MongoDB cluster
await client.connect();
// Make the appropriate DB calls
// Create a single new listing
await fetchdocs(client, "mydb", "products");
} finally {
// Close the connection to the MongoDB cluster
await client.close();
}
}
main().catch(console.error);
async function fetchdocs(client, dbname, colname){
const result = await client.db(dbname).collection(colname).find({"price":{$gt:10000}}).toArray();
console.log(JSON.stringify(result));
}
输出
[{"_id":"6580964f20f979d2e9a72ae7","ProductID":1,"Name":"Laptop","price":25000},
{"_id":"6580964f20f979d2e9a72ae8","ProductID":2,"Name":"TV","price":40000}]
{"_id":"6580964f20f979d2e9a72ae8","ProductID":2,"Name":"TV","price":40000}]
$and 运算符和 $or运算符可用于复合逻辑表达式。它们的用法如下 -
db.collection.find($and:[{"key1":"value1"}, {"key2":"value2"}])
使用以下命令获取价格在 1000 到 10000 之间的产品。
async function fetchdocs(client, dbname, colname){
const result = await client.db(dbname).collection(colname).find({$and:[{"price":{$gt:1000}}, {"price":{$lt:10000}}]}).toArray();
console.log(JSON.stringify(result));
}
输出
[{"_id":"6580964f20f979d2e9a72ae9","ProductID":3,"Name":"Router","price":2000},
{"_id":"6580964f20f979d2e9a72aea","ProductID":4,"Name":"Scanner","price":5000},
{"_id":"6580964f20f979d2e9a72aeb","ProductID":5,"Name":"Printer","price":9000}]
{"_id":"6580964f20f979d2e9a72aea","ProductID":4,"Name":"Scanner","price":5000},
{"_id":"6580964f20f979d2e9a72aeb","ProductID":5,"Name":"Printer","price":9000}]
正则表达式
您还可以通过形成正则表达式来创建过滤器。$regex 变量在查询 JSON 表示形式中用作键。以下代码返回名称以 P 开头的所有产品。
例
async function fetchdocs(client, dbname, colname){
const result = await client.db(dbname).collection(colname).find({Name:{$regex:"^P"}}).toArray();
console.log(JSON.stringify(result));
}
输出
[{"_id":"6580964f20f979d2e9a72ae9","ProductID":3,"Name":"Router","price":2000},
{"_id":"6580964f20f979d2e9a72aea","ProductID":4,"Name":"Scanner","price":5000},
{"_id":"6580964f20f979d2e9a72aeb","ProductID":5,"Name":"Printer","price":9000}]
{"_id":"6580964f20f979d2e9a72aea","ProductID":4,"Name":"Scanner","price":5000},
{"_id":"6580964f20f979d2e9a72aeb","ProductID":5,"Name":"Printer","price":9000}]
在以下示例中,结果集包含名称以 Ro 开头的文档。
async function fetchdocs(client, dbname, colname){
const result = await client.db(dbname).collection(colname).find({Name: /Ro/}).toArray();
console.log(JSON.stringify(result));
}
输出
[{"_id":"6580964f20f979d2e9a72ae9","ProductID":3,"Name":"Router","price":2000}]
要获取名称以 er 结尾的产品,请使用末尾的 $ 符号。
async function fetchdocs(client, dbname, colname){
const result = await client.db(dbname).collection(colname).find({Name: /er$/}).toArray();
console.log(JSON.stringify(result));
}
输出
[{"_id":"6580964f20f979d2e9a72ae9","ProductID":3,"Name":"Router","price":2000},
{"_id":"6580964f20f979d2e9a72aea","ProductID":4,"Name":"Scanner","price":5000},
{"_id":"6580964f20f979d2e9a72aeb","ProductID":5,"Name":"Printer","price":9000}]
{"_id":"6580964f20f979d2e9a72aea","ProductID":4,"Name":"Scanner","price":5000},
{"_id":"6580964f20f979d2e9a72aeb","ProductID":5,"Name":"Printer","price":9000}]