MongoDB 中的 Limit() 方法与 SQL 中的 Limit 子句具有类似的效果。它将 find() 查询返回的文档数量限制为指定数量。limit() 方法将单个整数作为参数。如果省略了参数,则意味着没有应用任何限制。
为了理解 limit() 函数的工作原理,我们将使用数据库中的 orders 集合。在可用文档中,价格大于或等于 10 的文档可以通过以下代码检索 -
例
const {MongoClient} = require('mongodb');
async function main(){
const uri = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";
const client = new MongoClient(uri);
try {
await client.connect();
await limitdocs(client, "mydb", "orders");
} finally {
await client.close();
}
}
main().catch(console.error);
async function limitdocs(client, dbname, colname){
var myqry = {numPurchased:{$gte:10}};
const result = await client.db(dbname).collection(colname).find({"numPurchased":{$gte:10}}).toArray();
console.log(JSON.stringify(result));
}
输出
[{"_id":"658d7f3b30a92c8e5018a43a","orderId":201,"custid":301,"prodId":100,"numPurchased":20},
{"_id":"658d7f3b30a92c8e5018a43b","orderId":202,"custid":302,"prodId":101,"numPurchased":10},
{"_id":"658d7f3b30a92c8e5018a43d","orderId":204,"custid":303,"prodId":103,"numPurchased":15},
{"_id":"658d7f3b30a92c8e5018a43e","orderId":205,"custid":303,"prodId":103,"numPurchased":20},
{"_id":"658d7f3b30a92c8e5018a441","orderId":208,"custid":301,"prodId":100,"numPurchased":10},
{"_id":"658d7f3b30a92c8e5018a442","orderId":209,"custid":303,"prodId":103,"numPurchased":30}]
{"_id":"658d7f3b30a92c8e5018a43b","orderId":202,"custid":302,"prodId":101,"numPurchased":10},
{"_id":"658d7f3b30a92c8e5018a43d","orderId":204,"custid":303,"prodId":103,"numPurchased":15},
{"_id":"658d7f3b30a92c8e5018a43e","orderId":205,"custid":303,"prodId":103,"numPurchased":20},
{"_id":"658d7f3b30a92c8e5018a441","orderId":208,"custid":301,"prodId":100,"numPurchased":10},
{"_id":"658d7f3b30a92c8e5018a442","orderId":209,"custid":303,"prodId":103,"numPurchased":30}]
现在我们将对 find() 查询返回的结果应用限制为 1。limit()方法的语法如下 -
collection.find(query).limit(number);
将 limitdocs() 函数更改为以下代码,以获取限制为指定数量的文档数量。
async function limitdocs(client, dbname, colname){
var myqry = {numPurchased:{$gte:10}};
const result = await client.db(dbname).collection(colname).find({"numPurchased":{$gte:10}}).limit(1).toArray();
console.log(JSON.stringify(result));
}
输出
[{"_id":"658d7f3b30a92c8e5018a43a","orderId":201,"custid":301,"prodId":100,"numPurchased":20}]
find() 查询从第一次出现开始,在满足过滤条件的情况下获取文档。如果要跳过一定数量的文档,请使用 skip() 子句。
collection.find(query).limit(x).skip(y)
在 find() 返回的文档中,只有 x 个文档会填充结果集,其中前 y 个文档将被删除。
以下 limitdocs() 函数返回 orders 集合中第二个具有 price>=10 的文档
async function limitdocs(client, dbname, colname){
var myqry = {numPurchased:{$gte:10}};
const result = await client.db(dbname).collection(colname).find({"numPurchased":{$gte:10}}).limit(1).skip(1).toArray();
console.log(JSON.stringify(result));
}
输出
[{"_id":"658d7f3b30a92c8e5018a43b","orderId":202,"custid":302,"prodId":101,"numPurchased":10}]