HTML - 实体

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HTML 实体用于表示在 HTML 中保留的字符或具有特殊含义的字符。这也可用于显示标准键盘上不可用的字符。实体以 &（'&'） 开头，以 semi column（';'） 结尾。

例如：

  • >（大于）= >
  • <（小于）= <

HTML 字符实体名称和代码

您不能在 HTML 文本中使用大于和小于符号或尖括号，因为浏览器会以不同的方式处理它们，并尝试绘制与 HTML 标记相关的含义。

我们可以使用实体名称或实体编号来显示保留的 HTML 字符，即要显示小于号 （<），我们必须写成：<或 <

HTML 处理器必须支持下表中列出的以下五个特殊字符：

字符 描述 实体名称 数字代码
" quotation mark &quot; &#34;
' apostrophe  &apos; &#39;
& ampersand &amp; &#38;
< less-than &lt; &#60;
> greater-than &gt; &#62;

HTML 不间断空格名称和代码

在 HTML 中，您可以使用“&nbsp”实体在元素和文本之间添加空格。与空格键给出的空间不同，此空间不会中断为新行。

  • 用“&nbsp”分隔的两个单词即使在行尾也会粘在一起。
  • 如果您使用空格键在文本中写入 5 个空格，浏览器将仅添加 1 个空格。要向文本添加实空格，可以使用“&nbsp”字符实体。

 

HTML 实体示例

让我们看一下下面的例子，我们在代码中显示一些字符实体和转义符号：


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>HTML Character Entities</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>HTML Character Entities</h1>
<table>
			<tr>
				 <th>Symbol</th>
				 <th>Entity</th>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				 <td>"</td>
				 <td>&amp;quot;</td>
			</tr>
				 <tr>
				 <td>&</td>
				 <td>&amp;amp;</td>
			</tr>
			</tr>
				 <tr>
				 <td>'</td>
				 <td>&amp;apos;</td>
			</tr>
</table>
This is &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; example of 
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &amp;nbsp; character
</body>
</html>

HTML 4.0 中还有一长串特殊字符。为了使它们出现在文档中，您可以使用数字代码或实体名称。例如，要插入版权符号，可以使用以下任一方法：

&copy; 2007
or
&#169; 2007

ISO 8859-1 符号实体名称和代码

以下是下面列出的 ISO 8859-1 符号实体：

结果 描述 实体名称 数字代码
  non-breaking space &nbsp; &#160;
¡ inverted exclamation mark &iexcl; &#161;
¤ currency &curren; &#164;
¢ cent &cent; &#162;
£ pound &pound; &#163;
¥ yen &yen; &#165;
¦ broken vertical bar &brvbar; &#166;
§ section &sect; &#167;
¨ spacing diaeresis &uml; &#168;
© copyright &copy; &#169;
ª feminine ordinal indicator &ordf; &#170;
« angle quotation mark (left) &laquo; &#171;
¬ negation &not; &#172;
­ soft hyphen &shy; &#173;
® registered trademark &reg; &#174;
™ trademark &trade; &#8482;
¯ spacing macron &macr; &#175;
° degree &deg; &#176;
± plus-or-minus  &plusmn; &#177;
² superscript 2 &sup2; &#178;
³ superscript 3 &sup3; &#179;
´ spacing acute &acute; &#180;
µ micro &micro; &#181;
paragraph &para; &#182;
· middle dot &middot; &#183;
¸ spacing cedilla &cedil; &#184;
¹ superscript 1 &sup1; &#185;
º masculine ordinal indicator &ordm; &#186;
» angle quotation mark (right) &raquo; &#187;
¼ fraction 1/4 &frac14; &#188;
½ fraction 1/2 &frac12; &#189;
¾ fraction 3/4 &frac34; &#190;
¿ inverted question mark &iquest; &#191;
× multiplication &times; &#215;
÷ division &divide; &#247;

ISO 8859-1 字符实体名称和代码

让我们看一下下面列出的 ISO 8859-1 字符实体：

结果 描述 实体名称 数字代码
À capital a, grave accent &Agrave; &#192;
Á capital a, acute accent &Aacute; &#193;
 capital a, circumflex accent &Acirc; &#194;
à capital a, tilde &Atilde; &#195;
Ä capital a, umlaut mark &Auml; &#196;
Å capital a, ring &Aring; &#197;
Æ capital ae &AElig; &#198;
Ç capital c, cedilla &Ccedil; &#199;
È capital e, grave accent &Egrave; &#200;
É capital e, acute accent &Eacute; &#201;
Ê capital e, circumflex accent &Ecirc; &#202;
Ë capital e, umlaut mark &Euml; &#203;
Ì capital i, grave accent &Igrave; &#204;
Í capital i, acute accent &Iacute; &#205;
Î capital i, circumflex accent &Icirc; &#206;
Ï capital i, umlaut mark &Iuml; &#207;
Ð capital eth, Icelandic &ETH; &#208;
Ñ capital n, tilde &Ntilde; &#209;
Ò capital o, grave accent &Ograve; &#210;
Ó capital o, acute accent &Oacute; &#211;
Ô capital o, circumflex accent &Ocirc; &#212;
Õ capital o, tilde &Otilde; &#213;
Ö capital o, umlaut mark &Ouml; &#214;
Ø capital o, slash &Oslash; &#216;
Ù capital u, grave accent &Ugrave; &#217;
Ú capital u, acute accent &Uacute; &#218;
Û capital u, circumflex accent &Ucirc; &#219;
Ü capital u, umlaut mark &Uuml; &#220;
Ý capital y, acute accent &Yacute; &#221;
Þ capital THORN, Icelandic &THORN; &#222;
ß small sharp s, German &szlig; &#223;
à small a, grave accent &agrave; &#224;
á small a, acute accent &aacute; &#225;
â small a, circumflex accent &acirc; &#226;
ã small a, tilde &atilde; &#227;
ä small a, umlaut mark &auml; &#228;
å small a, ring &aring; &#229;
æ small ae &aelig; &#230;
ç small c, cedilla &ccedil; &#231;
è small e, grave accent &egrave; &#232;
é small e, acute accent &eacute; &#233;
ê small e, circumflex accent &ecirc; &#234;
ë small e, umlaut mark &euml; &#235;
ì small i, grave accent &igrave; &#236;
í small i, acute accent &iacute; &#237;
î small i, circumflex accent &icirc; &#238;
ï small i, umlaut mark &iuml; &#239;
ð small eth, Icelandic &eth; &#240;
ñ small n, tilde &ntilde; &#241;
ò small o, grave accent &ograve; &#242;
ó small o, acute accent &oacute; &#243;
ô small o, circumflex accent &ocirc; &#244;
õ small o, tilde &otilde; &#245;
ö small o, umlaut mark &ouml; &#246;
ø small o, slash &oslash; &#248;
ù small u, grave accent &ugrave; &#249;
ú small u, acute accent &uacute; &#250;
û small u, circumflex accent &ucirc; &#251;
ü small u, umlaut mark &uuml; &#252;
ý small y, acute accent &yacute; &#253;
þ small thorn, Icelandic &thorn; &#254;
ÿ small y, umlaut mark &yuml; &#255;

浏览器支持的其他实体

以下是浏览器支持的其他实体：

结果 描述 实体名称 数字代码
Πcapital ligature OE &OElig; &#338;
œ small ligature oe &oelig; &#339;
Š capital S with caron &Scaron; &#352;
š small S with caron &scaron; &#353;
Ÿ capital Y with diaeres &Yuml; &#376;
ˆ modifier letter circumflex accent &circ; &#710;
˜ small tilde &tilde; &#732;
  en space &ensp; &#8194;
  em space &emsp; &#8195;
  thin space &thinsp; &#8201;
‌ zero width non-joiner &zwnj; &#8204;
‍ zero width joiner &zwj; &#8205;
‎ left-to-right mark &lrm; &#8206;
‏ right-to-left mark &rlm; &#8207;
– en dash &ndash; &#8211;
— em dash &mdash; &#8212;
‘ left single quotation mark &lsquo; &#8216;
’ right single quotation mark &rsquo; &#8217;
‚ single low-9 quotation mark &sbquo; &#8218;
“ left double quotation mark &ldquo; &#8220;
” right double quotation mark &rdquo; &#8221;
„ double low-9 quotation mark &bdquo; &#8222;
† dagger &dagger; &#8224;
‡ double dagger &Dagger; &#8225;
… horizontal ellipsis &hellip; &#8230;
‰ per mille  &permil; &#8240;
‹ single left-pointing angle quotation &lsaquo; &#8249;
› single right-pointing angle quotation &rsaquo; &#8250;
€ euro &euro; &#8364;
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